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Showing posts with label IARC. Show all posts
Showing posts with label IARC. Show all posts

Saturday, September 23, 2023

Workers’ Compensation Benefits for Occupational Exposure to Cellphone Radiation

Last week, the French government requested that Apple stop selling the iPhone 12 model because of excessive radiation detected during recent tests. The Agence National des FrĂ©quences [ANFR] stated that “…Apple must immediately take all measures to prevent the availability on the market of the phones concerned present in the supply chain. Regarding phones already sold, Apple must take corrective measures as soon as possible to make the phones concerned compliant. Otherwise, it will be up to Apple to recall them.”

Monday, May 13, 2019

Thursday, October 17, 2013

Outdoor air pollution: a leading environmental cause of cancer deaths

The specialized cancer agency of the WHO, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), announced that it has classified outdoor air pollution as carcinogenic to humans. The IARC evaluation concluded that there is sufficient evidence that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer.

The specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), announced today that it has classified outdoor air pollution as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1).

After thoroughly reviewing the latest available scientific literature, the world’s leading experts convened by  the IARC Monographs Programme concluded that there is sufficient evidence that exposure to outdoor air  pollution causes lung cancer (Group 1). They also noted a positive association with an increased risk of  bladder cancer.

Particulate matter, a major component of outdoor air pollution, was evaluated separately and was also
classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1).

The IARC evaluation showed an increasing risk of lung cancer with increasing levels of exposure to
particulate matter and air pollution. Although the composition of air pollution and levels of exposure can vary dramatically between locations, the conclusions of the Working Group apply to all regions of the  world.

A major environmental health problem Air pollution is already known to increase risks for a wide range of diseases, such as respiratory and heart diseases. Studies indicate that in recent years exposure levels have increased significantly in some parts of the world, particularly in rapidly industrializing countries with large populations. The most recent data indicate that in 2010, 223 000 deaths from lung cancer worldwide resulted from air pollution.

The most widespread environmental carcinogen “The air we breathe has become polluted with a mixture of cancer-causing substances,” says Dr Kurt Straif, Head of the IARC Monographs Section. “We now know that outdoor air pollution is not only a major  risk to health in general, but also a leading environmental cause of cancer deaths.”

The IARC Monographs Programme, dubbed the “encyclopaedia of carcinogens”, provides an authoritative source of scientific evidence on cancer-causing substances and exposures. In the past, the Programme evaluated many individual chemicals and specific mixtures that occur in outdoor air pollution. These included diesel engine exhaust, solvents, metals, and dusts. But this is the first time that experts have classified outdoor air pollution as a cause of cancer.

“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” explains Dr Dana Loomis, Deputy Head of the Monographs Section. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”

Wednesday, February 20, 2013

All Forms of Asbestos Cause Cancer

In a joint statement the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) again declared all forms of asbestos cause cancer.

Joint WHO/IARC Statement
19 February 2013
In response to allegations in the recent Lancet article, IARC in the dock over ties with asbestos industry (The Lancet, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60152-X), WHO and IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) state the following:
  • All forms of asbestos are carcinogenic to humans (IARC Monographs Volume 100C) and stopping the use of all forms of asbestos is the most efficient way to eliminate asbestos-related diseases (WHO Fact Sheet No 343).
  • The study on cancer in chrysotile workers in Asbest, Russian Federation, for which IARC is providing its epidemiological expertise, will supply important scientific information to better quantify the risk of cancers already known to be related to chrysotile as well as additional cancers suspected to be related to chrysotile, the asbestos fibre is the most commonly produced.
  • WHO and IARC take conflict of interest seriously and use a rigorous process to protect our research and development of norms, standards and guidelines from undue influence.
  • IARC confirms the completeness and accuracy of all data and statements of scientific results published in the British Journal of Cancer (Estimating the asbestos-related lung cancer burden from mesothelioma mortality, doi:10.1038/bjc.2011.563) and presented at a conference in Kiev.
IARC, as WHO’s cancer research agency, remains committed to providing the most reliable, independent scientific evidence on which public health decisions can be based.

Monday, February 4, 2013

Russian Money Interests Are Milking the Asbestos Cash Cow

The International Ban Asbestos Secretariat today reports about the corrupt connection between the Russian asbestos industrry and the IARC (the International Agency for Research on Cancer). To advance the mining and exportation of a known carcinogen, asbestos, and furthering the sufferring from asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma is an uncontionable act.
"Far from being coincidental, the research being conducted, the conferences being held and the papers being published are part of a long-term, orchestrated plan by asbestos stakeholders to counter all attempts to tarnish the image of chrysotile asbestos, a substance which continues to be sold in large quantities around the world. As long as money is to be made, the industry will leave no stone unturned in its quest to milk the asbestos cash cow. It is sad to see that they may now have new allies to help them do so."
Click here to read the complete article: The Lancent Highlights the IARC Controversey

Wednesday, June 13, 2012

Diesel Exhaust Linked to Cancer

Diesel smoke from a big truck.
After a week-long meeting of international experts, the International  Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is part of the World Health Organization (WHO), today   classified diesel engine exhaust as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), based on sufficient evidence  that exposure is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer. 

Exposure to diesel exhaust has previously been held to be a causative factor in contributing to a compensable occupational heart condition. Recognizing that the the Workers' Compensation Act required an occupational exposure to be “characteristic” of and peculiar to a particular employment, that there be restricted compensability for disability due to “deterioration of a tissue, organ or part of the body in which the function of the tissue, organ or part of the body is diminished due to the natural aging process,” and that the disease be “due in a material degree to causes or conditions” peculiar to the place of employment, the court concluded that a truck driver may suffer cardiovascular disability as a result of exposure to carbon monoxide even though the employee had other pre-disposing risk factors including smoking, obesity, and a genetic predisposition. The court referred to the example of a teacher who develops asbestosis from working in a classroom with a flaking asbestos ceiling where the disability arising from the asbestos exposure was recognized as being compensable under the New Jersey Workers' Compensation Act. Fiore v. Consolidated Freightways, 140 N.J. 452, 659 A.2d 436 (1995).

Background

In 1988, IARC classified diesel exhaust as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). An Advisory Group  which reviews and recommends future priorities for the IARC Monographs Program had recommended  diesel exhaust as a high priority for re-evaluation since 1998. 

There has been mounting concern about the cancer-causing potential of diesel exhaust, particularly based  on findings in epidemiological studies of workers exposed in various settings. This was re-emphasized by  the publication in March 2012 of the results of a large US National Cancer Institute/National Institute for  Occupational Safety and Health study of occupational exposure to such emissions in underground miners,  which showed an increased risk of death from lung cancer in exposed workers..

Evaluation

The scientific evidence was reviewed thoroughly by the Working Group and overall it was concluded that  here was sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of diesel exhaust. The Working Group  found that diesel exhaust is a cause of lung cancer (sufficient evidence) and also noted a positive  association (limited evidence) with an increased risk of bladder cancer (Group 1).  The Working Group concluded that gasoline exhaust was possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), a  finding unchanged from the previous evaluation in 1989.

Public health

Large populations are exposed to diesel exhaust in everyday life, whether through their occupation or  through the ambient air. People are exposed not only to motor vehicle exhausts but also to exhausts from  other diesel engines, including from other modes of transport (e.g. diesel trains and ships) and from power  generators.

Given the Working Group’s rigorous, independent assessment of the science, governments and other  decision-makers have a valuable evidence-base on which to consider environmental standards for diesel  exhaust emissions and to continue to work with the engine and fuel manufacturers towards those goals.  Increasing environmental concerns over the past two decades have resulted in regulatory action in North  America, Europe and elsewhere with successively tighter emission standards for both diesel and gasoline  engines. There is a strong interplay between standards and technology – standards drive technology and  new technology enables more stringent standards. For diesel engines, this required changes in the fuel  such as marked decreases in sulfur content, changes in engine design to burn diesel fuel more efficiently and reductions in emissions through exhaust control technology.

However, while the amount of particulates and chemicals are reduced with these changes, it is not yet clear how the quantitative and qualitative changes may translate into altered health effects; research into this question is needed. In addition, existing fuels and vehicles without these modifications will take many years to be replaced, particularly in less developed countries, where regulatory measures are  currently  also less stringent. It is notable that many parts of the developing world lack regulatory standards, and data on the occurrence and impact of diesel exhaust are limited.

Conclusions
Dr Christopher Portier, Chairman of the IARC working Group, stated that “The scientific evidence was compelling and the Working Group’s conclusion was unanimous: diesel engine exhaust causes lung cancer in humans.” Dr Portier  continued: “Given the additional health impacts from diesel  particulates, exposure to this mixture of chemicals should be reduced worldwide.“ Dr Kurt Straif, Head of the IARC Monographs Program, indicated that “The main studies that led to this  conclusion were in highly exposed workers. However, we have learned from other carcinogens, such as  radon, that initial studies showing a risk in heavily exposed occupational groups were followed by positive  findings for the general population. Therefore actions to reduce exposures should encompass workers  and the general population.”

Dr Christopher Wild, Director, IARC, said that “while IARC’s remit is to establish the evidence-base for  regulatory decisions at national and international level, today’s conclusion sends a strong signal that  public health action is warranted. This emphasis is needed globally, including among the more vulnerable  populations in developing countries where new technology and protective measures may otherwise take 
many years to be adopted.”

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For over 3 decades the Law Offices of Jon L. Gelman 1.973.696.7900 jon@gelmans.com have been representing injured workers and their families who have suffered work related accident and injuries.